The berry market in France offers promising opportunities for market gardeners in 2025, thanks to growing demand for these prized fruits, both fresh and processed. Despite challenges related to climatic hazards, international competition, and production costs, producers can take advantage of regional specificities, financial support, and varietal innovations to develop this high-value-added sector, particularly in organic and short supply chains.

Presentation and commercial uses

Small red fruits include various species such as raspberries , gooseberries , blackcurrants and blueberries . They are generally shrubs or bushes producing edible berries appreciated for their taste and nutritional qualities . Their main commercial uses in France are:

• Fresh produce sales in markets and supermarkets, in high demand during the summer season
• Processing into jams, coulis, syrups and other derivative products
• Use in baking and catering
• Direct sales on the farm and through short supply chains, promoting local production
• Supplying the food industry (yogurts, desserts, etc.)

These fruits benefit from a positive image among consumers, associated with taste pleasure and health benefits . Their cultivation makes it possible to enhance the value of small agricultural areas, offering interesting opportunities for market gardeners .

Recent market developments

The French berry market has seen mixed developments in recent years. For the conventional market, there has been a slight increase in cultivated areas, particularly in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, which accounts for 44% of national blackcurrant production . However, volumes have fluctuated due to climatic hazards. Regarding organic, despite a general downward trend in areas under conversion (-28% in 2022), the organic berry sector has held up better thanks to sustained demand . Certified organic areas increased by 8%, reflecting growing consumer interest in local organic products .

• Conventional market: Slight increase in surface area, variable volumes
• Organic market: Growth in certified areas (+8%), decrease in conversions
• Growing demand for local and organic products
• Organic fruit and vegetable market share stable at 6.7% in volume and 7.9% in value in 2024
• Less marked decline in volume purchases for organic fruit and vegetables compared to conventional ones

Current market status

The French berry market is currently experiencing mixed dynamics. For the conventional market, cultivated areas remain stable, with a slight upward trend for certain species such as strawberries. Production volumes fluctuate depending on climatic conditions, but there is growing demand for tropical fruits such as avocados, whose consumption reached 150,000 tonnes in 2023 . The organic market, meanwhile, is experiencing a slowdown after years of strong growth. Certified organic areas for fresh fruit will represent 30,269 ha in 2022, with a notable drop in conversions (-23%) . Despite this decline, organic still represents 27% of the French fruit-growing agricultural area, demonstrating a resilient sector in the face of current economic challenges .

• Conventional: Stability of surfaces, increasing demand for certain exotic fruits
• Organic: 30,269 ha certified, slowdown in conversions but maintenance of a significant share (27% of the fruit UAA)
• General trend: Decrease in volumes purchased (-10% organic, -6% conventional), but increase in the average basket

Producing regions and terroirs

The production of small fruits in France is concentrated in several key regions, each with its own specificities:

• Hauts-de-France: Leading gooseberry producing region (27% of national areas) . Aisne specializes in raspberries, Oise in blackcurrants, and Nord-Pas-de-Calais in strawberries .
• Rhône-Alpes: Main production area for raspberries and redcurrants .
• Burgundy: Important for blackcurrant cultivation, particularly in the communes of Arcenant, Echevronne, Fussey .
• Loire Valley: Diversified production, including blueberries, raspberries and redcurrants .
• Aquitaine and Limousin: Major areas for blueberries .

Favorable regional specificities include:

• Acidic to neutral, well-drained soils for most small fruits .
• Temperate climate with good sunshine, crucial for the development of aromas .
• Altitude (e.g. 900m on average in Velay) allowing for deseasonal production .

These varied conditions allow France to cultivate a wide range of small fruits, adapted to local terroirs.

Cultural requirements and varieties

Small fruits require specific growing conditions for optimal production. The main varieties grown in France include Gariguette and Mariguette for strawberries, and Patriot for blueberries . These fruits generally prefer well-drained soils, rich in organic matter, with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.5-7.0) . Irrigation is crucial, especially for strawberries and raspberries, with a drip system recommended . Planting density varies depending on the species: 30 cm between plants for strawberries, 100-150 cm for blueberries . Yields in organic farming are generally 20-30% lower than conventionally grown. Most small fruits come into production 1-2 years after planting and remain productive for 5-10 years, depending on the species and care .

Foreign trade and competition

France occupies a modest position on the international berry market, with insufficient production to meet domestic demand. Imports play a crucial role, particularly for raspberries and blueberries, where only 15% of consumption is covered by French production . The main suppliers are Spain, Peru, Chile, and Mexico, whose combined share reaches 51.4% of fresh berry imports . This dependence on imports exerts competitive pressure on French producers, particularly in terms of price, with Spain, for example, producing tomatoes at 1 euro less per kilo . However, this situation also offers opportunities for the development of local production, particularly in short supply chains and organic, to meet the growing demand for quality French products .

Development opportunities

The French berry market offers significant opportunities for local producers, both conventional and organic. For the conventional market, diversification into berries represents a promising growth strategy, allowing the exploitation of new segments and reducing the risks associated with a single production . The growing imports of raspberries (+100%), blackberries (+150%) and blueberries (+500%) over ten years reveal significant development potential for national production .

In the organic sector, despite a recent slowdown, opportunities remain numerous. Institutional aid, such as the "Ambition Bio 2017" program, aims to double the area under organic farming . Consumer demand for local and traceable organic products remains strong, offering opportunities in short supply chains, supermarkets and artisanal processing. Producers can benefit from investment aid from various organizations such as Regional Councils or FranceAgriMer to develop their organic projects .

Profitability and financial aid

Organic berry production has production costs that are approximately 20 to 30% higher than conventional production, mainly due to higher labor costs and generally lower yields . However, the selling prices of organic berries are on average 44% higher than their conventional equivalents, which helps to offset these additional costs . Potential profitability remains attractive, with gross margins reaching €15,000 to €20,000/ha for certain species such as raspberries or blueberries, compared to alternative crops such as cereals .

To support this sector, several aid schemes are available. Conversion aid (CAB) and maintenance aid (MAB) offer financial support to organic producers, with amounts varying depending on the crops . The organic tax credit, increased to €3,500, is also available to farms generating more than 40% of their income from organic products . In addition, an exceptional support fund of 105 million euros has been set up in 2024 to help organic farms that have suffered economic losses, demonstrating the commitment of public authorities to this promising sector.

Sector challenges and risks

The market for both conventional and organic berries is facing significant challenges. In the conventional sector, international competition, particularly from Poland, is exerting strong pressure on prices . Climatic hazards can lead to production losses ranging from 30 to 70% depending on the plots, while phytosanitary risks increase with a limited number of approved products . In addition, the presence of pesticide residues in more than 70% of conventional fruits raises concerns among consumers .

For the organic market, the main constraints are linked to high production costs, resulting from a more labor-intensive cultivation method . Strict regulations involve regular inspections and costly certifications. Competition is intensifying in the organic market, with supply growing faster than demand, putting downward pressure on prices . Organic berries cost 30% to 50% more than their conventional counterparts, which may hinder their adoption by consumers .

Innovations and future perspectives

The berry sector in France is experiencing a promising dynamic of innovation. Research is focusing on developing varieties that are more disease-resistant and adapted to climate change, such as the ever-bearing Kwanza raspberry or the Sekoya Pop blueberry . Agroecological practices are gaining ground, with the increasing adoption of techniques such as dynamic population management and participatory selection, allowing for better local adaptation of varieties .

By 2030, the market is expected to experience sustained growth, driven by changing eating habits and growing demand for healthy, local products . The goal of some brands, such as Pink Lady, to reach 100 million annual European consumers by 2030 illustrates this potential . The integration of advanced technologies, such as nanotechnology and precision agriculture, is also expected to revolutionize farming practices, improving yields and fruit quality .

Recommendations for market gardeners

Growing small fruits offers interesting opportunities for French market gardeners, but requires careful consideration before embarking on the venture. Advantages include growing demand, potentially high margins, and the opportunity to diversify production . However, this crop presents challenges such as high installation costs, sensitivity to climatic hazards and increased international competition .

For an informed decision, here are some recommendations:

• Carefully assess your land and water resources, which are essential for the success of these crops .
• Start small to test different varieties and techniques before investing heavily .
• Favor short circuits and direct sales to maximize margins .
• Consider organic certification to meet the growing demand for local and organic products .
• Learn specific growing and disease management techniques for these delicate fruits .
• Explore the financial assistance available for organic installation and conversion .

By taking a step-by-step approach and leveraging local resources and available support, integrating berries can become a major asset for your market gardening operation.

Specialist suppliers and consultants

For professional market gardeners looking for quality berry plants or advice on planting a plot, two specialist suppliers stand out on the French market:

• Bairiverse ( https://plantspetitsfruits.com/ ): Wholesale supplier offering a wide range of small fruit plants in various formats (mini-balls, pots, pots). They offer organic and conventional plants, with a responsive sales service and fast delivery throughout France .
• Econome à Légumes ( https://economealegumes.fr/ ): Trader in plants and plant material, offering producer prices and direct delivery to the farm. They supply organic and conventional plants, with a focus on quality and customer service .

These two companies not only offer quality plants, but also personalized technical support, advice on the choice of varieties and growing routes adapted to your project. Their expertise can prove invaluable in optimizing your berry production .

According to CTIFL data, despite national raspberry production reaching 6,300 tonnes in 2024, France only covers a fraction of its consumption, leaving a large share to imports. This situation, combined with growing demand and opportunities for innovation, offers significant potential for market gardeners looking to diversify their crops and meet market challenges.

Raspberry bush and raspberries

The raspberry (Rubus idaeus) is a shrub of the Rosaceae family, native to Europe and temperate Asia . It forms clumps of upright branches that can reach 1 to 2 meters in height, with biennial stems armed with small prickles . The raspberry, its fruit, is made up of small juicy drupes which easily detach from the receptacle when ripe .

In France, raspberries are mainly marketed for fresh consumption, with growing consumer demand . They are also used in the food industry for making jams, syrups, and as an ingredient in dairy products and pastries. French production, estimated at 4,500 tonnes per year, only meets 15% of national consumption, thus offering development opportunities for local producers in the face of imports .

Evolution of the raspberry market

The French raspberry market has experienced significant growth in recent years, both conventionally and organically. The area cultivated with conventional raspberries has increased, reaching 675 hectares in 2023, with national production increasing by 5.5% to reach 6,300 tonnes . This growth reflects growing demand from French consumers for this fruit.

In the organic sector, despite a general downward trend in areas under conversion for fruit (-37% in 2023), small fruits, including raspberries, have shown particular resilience. Organic fruit areas increased by 11% between 2020 and 2021, with a notable increase of 4% for pome and stone fruits . However, the organic market faces challenges, including a decline in areas under conversion, which could impact the future growth of the sector .

Current raspberry market

The French raspberry market is experiencing positive dynamics, with national production increasing by 5.5% reaching 6,300 tonnes in 2024 . The conventional sector dominates, representing approximately 470 hectares out of the total 600 hectares cultivated . On the organic side, despite a general slowdown in the market, small fruits are holding up better, with 130 hectares of organic raspberries . Observed trends include:

• Growing consumer demand, particularly for fresh raspberries
• Competitive pressure from imports, particularly from Portugal
• Growing interest in everbearing varieties and soilless cultivation techniques
• A slight drop in prices due to increased supply in certain sectors

Despite these challenges, the French raspberry market offers opportunities for development, particularly due to the self-supply rate of 86% leaving room for improvement .

Raspberry-producing regions

The main raspberry-producing regions in France are Rhône-Alpes, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur and Auvergne . The Dordogne is also known for its raspberry production . These regions offer ideal climatic conditions with hot summers and well-drained soils, promoting high-quality production .

Raspberry plants adapt to various soil types, but prefer light, humus-rich, and slightly acidic soils . They require sunny or slightly shaded exposure . In areas prone to spring frosts, growers often favor everbearing varieties and south-facing locations . Lower Saxony, for example, has managed to extend its harvest season from May to September thanks to new cultivation methods, an approach that could inspire other French regions to optimize their production.

Raspberry growing techniques

The main raspberry varieties grown in France include ' Tulameen ', ' Heritage ', 'Polana' and 'Festival' . These varieties are valued for their productivity and adaptation to local conditions.

Agronomic requirements:

• Soil: light, deep, well-drained, pH 5.6-6.2, rich in organic matter
• Climate: cold temperate, optimum temperature 20-22°C
• Irrigation: drip system recommended, high and regular needs
• Density: 1.10 m between plants, 2-3 m between rows

Average yields in conventional farming are around 3800 kg/ha, compared to 3550 kg/ha in organic farming . Production begins 1-3 years after planting depending on the variety . A well-maintained plantation can produce for 10-20 years, with renewal recommended every 7-12 years for optimal production .

Imports and international competition

France occupies a modest position in the international raspberry market, with a national production of around 6,300 tonnes in 2024 . This production only covers 14% of French consumption, the country being heavily dependent on imports .

French raspberry imports have increased considerably in recent years, reaching almost 25,000 tonnes, or 86% of the raspberries consumed in the country . The main suppliers are Spain (32% of volumes), Portugal (29%) and Morocco (22%) . This foreign competition puts significant pressure on French producers, particularly in terms of price and year-round availability. However, it also stimulates innovation and improvement in the quality of French raspberries to stand out on the domestic market.

Opportunities for French producers

The French raspberry market offers significant opportunities for producers, both conventional and organic. In the conventional sector, growing consumer demand, with an average annual increase of 9.8% in purchases between 2016 and 2021, creates significant development potential. Producers can diversify by integrating raspberry cultivation into their operations, particularly strawberry producers who already benefit from expertise in small fruits . Industrial outlets, such as processing for jams and dairy products, also offer growth prospects.

For the organic market, despite a general slowdown, small fruits like raspberries are holding up better . Producers can benefit from institutional aid for converting to and maintaining organic farming. Consumer demand for local and sustainable products is growing, as evidenced by the 7.2% increase in sales in specialist organic stores in the first quarter of 2024 . Organic producers can also exploit specific marketing channels such as online markets and organic baskets, thus meeting a growing demand for fresh and quality products .

Profitability and financial aid

Raspberry production shows significant differences between conventional and organic methods. In conventional production, average yields are 8 to 12 tonnes per hectare, compared to 6 to 8 tonnes in organic production . This difference is explained by constraints specific to organic farming, particularly in terms of pest and disease management.

Production costs are generally higher in organic, with products 20 to 30% more expensive than their conventional equivalents . However, profitability can be improved through higher selling prices for organic raspberries. Farmers can benefit from various financial aids, including the organic conversion aid (CAB) of 350 euros per hectare for annual crops . In addition, a new €90 million support plan for organic farming was announced, offering aid capped at €30,000 per farm, increased to €40,000 for young farmers . These measures aim to support the transition to more sustainable agriculture and to achieve the objective of 18% of agricultural land being organic by 2027 .

Raspberry Market Challenges

Raspberry production in France faces several major challenges. In the conventional market, competition from imports, particularly from Portugal and Spain, is exerting significant pressure on prices . Growers also face significant pest risks, such as Drosophila suzukii and Botrytis, which can cause significant crop losses . Price volatility, influenced by fluctuations in supply and demand, represents an additional challenge for farm profitability.

In the organic sector, constraints are accentuated by strict regulations limiting the use of certain phytosanitary products . Higher production costs, particularly labor, which accounts for up to 70% of total costs, reduce competitiveness against imports. In addition, increased competition in the organic market, with a proliferation of labels and a loss of consumer confidence, complicates the differentiation of French products. These challenges require constant adaptation of growing practices and business strategies to maintain the economic viability of French raspberry farms.

Innovations and future perspectives

The raspberry sector in France is experiencing a promising dynamic of innovation. Research is underway to develop varieties that are more resistant to disease and adapted to changing climatic conditions . The integration of agroecological practices, such as participatory selection and dynamic population management, is gaining ground, allowing better local adaptation of varieties . These approaches could improve the resilience and sustainability of raspberry crops.

In the medium term, the raspberry market is expected to experience significant growth, with an estimated compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.73% between 2025 and 2032 . This growth will likely be driven by growing demand for natural and functional food products, as well as expanding applications in the food and beverage industry . The adoption of innovative processing technologies, such as freeze-drying, and the growing demand for organic raspberries are also expected to shape the future of the market .

Recommendations for market gardeners

Raspberry cultivation presents interesting opportunities for French market gardeners, but requires careful consideration before embarking on the venture.

Benefits :

• Strong demand from the French market, with growth potential
• Possibility of income diversification
• High added value, particularly in organic and short supply chains
• Innovative cultivation techniques to optimize production

Disadvantages:

• Significant initial investment (trellising, irrigation)
• Labor-intensive crop, especially for harvesting
• Susceptibility to diseases and pests
• Competition from imports

Recommendations:

• Carefully assess available resources (labor, irrigation, investment)
• Favor varieties adapted to the terroir and resistant to diseases
• Consider growing under cover to extend the season and improve quality
• Develop short marketing channels to maximize added value
• Learn specific raspberry growing techniques
• Consider organic certification to meet growing demand

A phased approach, starting with a small area, will allow the viability of this crop to be tested before possible development on a larger scale.

Raspberry plant suppliers

For professional market gardeners looking for quality raspberry plants or advice on planting a new plot, two specialist suppliers stand out on the French market:

Bairiverse ( https://plantspetitsfruits.com/ ) offers a wide range of small fruit plants, including raspberry plants, suitable for the needs of professionals. Their offer includes plants in mini-plugs, pots, pots and bare roots, available in organic and conventional versions . With delivery within 15 days throughout France, Bairiverse is committed to providing quality plants from producers selected for their reliability .

Econome à Légumes ( https://economealegumes.fr/ ) positions itself as a trader in plants and plant material offering attractive producer prices . Their responsive sales team can help you choose the varieties best suited to your project and advise you on the optimal technical routes for growing raspberries . They also offer deliveries directly to your farm, making it easier to set up your plot .